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Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases

The prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity disease, metabolic syndrome, and sarcopenia is rapidly increasing in number accompanied by lifestyle changes and the aging society. The Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases is working on prevention and treatment of these diseases.

Medical services

Outpatient care is provided by diabetes specialists and certified diabetes educators of Japan (CDEJ) who cooperate closely with one another to provide services for individual patients. Specialized outpatient care for diabetes is available every day, and the “Outpatient Obesity Disease Clinic” is open on weekday mornings. In the “Diabetic Foot Outpatient Clinic”, certified nurse specialists in diabetes offer preventive care, educational support and treatment for foot and leg lesions. ”Prevention of dialysis program” is provided by doctors, registered dietitians, and nurses in an attempt to stop progression of diabetic nephropathy through lifestyle modification. At the inpatient ward, In addition to hospitalization for diabetes education, medical care is provided for those who require close examination and treatment of complications and pre-surgical blood glucose management. Ddiet therapy, exercise therapy and pharmacotherapy are tailored to individual patient needs. If medically indicated, patients are introduced to a low carbohydrate diet. Our distinctive “self-care” support program includes selfmonitoring of blood glucose and four-time daily body weight measurements. Furthermore, insulin secretion capacity is evaluated through a meal tolerance test (MTT), and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is performed for those with unstable blood glucose levels. In the “Diabetes Education Seminar” and “Best-Weight Management Seminar” for inpatients, physicians and CDEJs (nurses, registered dietitians, pharmacists and clinical technologists and physical therapists) provide lectures on diabetes- and obesity-associated complications, treatment options, and diet therapy on their specialized fields.

Diagnosis and treatment policy

At the first consultation, the physician will collect information on the patient’s medical history and lifestyle, and perform a general physical examination, as well as blood tests, to decide on courses of treatment. A more detailed examination is also performed for early detection and treatment of atherosclerotic complications, including microvascular diseases and macrovascular diseases.

Target diseases and specialties

Blood glucose management and individual lifestyle modifications for patients with diabetes; individual lifestyle modifications and medications for patients with other metabolic disorders in general; close examination and treatment for patients with particular types of dyslipidemia. Team medical treatment for bariatric surgery through collaboration with other departments such as Stomach and Esophageal Surgery and Psychosomatic Medicine, and multi-professional collaboration with CDEJ.

Advanced treatments/ Specialized treatments

Genetic diagnosis is applied to patients with suspected metabolic disorders caused by genetic abnormalities, including mitochondrial diabetes, maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), insulin receptor abnormality, after obtaining consent, to determine the most effective therapeutic strategy. We have also been incorporating SAP (Sensor Augmented Pump) therapy, which combines continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and insulin pump therapy.

Frequently performed tests and descriptions

  • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) shows how the blood glucose level has been controlled over the last one or two months.
  • Glycated albumin (GA) shows how the blood glucose level has been controlled over the last two weeks.
  • Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is used to diagnose diabetes and measure early-phase insulin secretion, as well as insulin resistance.
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) is used to monitor detailed blood glucose fluctuations over a 24-hour period with a subcutaneous sensor.
Toshimasa Yamauchi

Toshimasa Yamauchi

Departments/Divisions

Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases

Titles

M.D. , Ph.D.

Expertise/Specialties

Internal Medicine, Diabetes, Metabolism, Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetic Complications, Atherosclerosis, Insulin Resistance, Adipokines, Nuclear Receptors, Epigenetics, GWAS, Sportology, Anti-Aging Medicine

Research Interests

The mechanisms by which obesity results in insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and short life

Languages

Japanese / English

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Major diseases treated in this department and numbers of in- and outpatients

Disease name Total number of inpatients Annual number of outpatients
1 Diabetes, hypertension, diabetes, and others 8,173
(New patients: 486)
43,883
(New patients: 268)

(2015)

Diseases selectively treated in this department and treatment and examination methods for them

Diseases
  1. Diabetes
  2. Dyslipidemia
  3. Obesity
  4. Metabolic syndrome
Treatment methods
  1. Dietary therapy
  2. Therapeutic exercises
  3. (Oral) pharmacotherapy
  4. Insulin therapy (including intensive insulin therapy and CSII)
  5. Treatment of obesity, based on eating behavior questionnaires and 4-time body weight measurement
  6. Treatment based on the Guidelines for Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment
  7. Development of new treatment methods based on databases
  8. Diabetes ward classes (daily)
  9. Diabetes classes for outpatients (weekly)
  10. "Best-Body-Weight" Class (12:15 - 12:45 on every Thursday)
Examination methods
  1. Blood sugar measurement and hemoglobin A1c test
  2. Measurement of insulin secretory capacity and resistance
  3. Detailed examination of complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy)
  4. Measurement of lipid, apoprotein, and lipid metabolism-related enzyme levels
  5. Measurement of adipokines (such as leptin and adiponectin)
  6. Exercise tolerance test
  7. Basal metabolism test
  8. Glucose clamp test
  9. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Number of major operations and treatments performed for outpatients in this department

Name of operation/treatment Number
1 Nursing support for outpatients (by certified diabetes educators) 413
2 Foot care guidance for outpatients by certified diabetes specialist nurses 240
3 Insulin injection guidance for new outpatients (by certified diabetes educators) 63
4 Blood sugar self-monitoring guidance for new outpatients (by certified diabetes educators) 65
5 Nutritional guidance by nutritionists (for both out- and inpatients) 5,533
6 Preventive education against dialysis for outpatients (by certified diabetes specialist nurses and educators and nutritionists) 131

(2015)

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